Search results for " clinical study"

showing 10 items of 61 documents

Anthropometric measures of 9-to 10-year-old native tibetan children living at 3700 and 4300m above sea level and han Chinese living at 3700m

2015

A high residential altitude impacts on the growth of children, and it has been suggested that linear growth (height) is more affected than body mass. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of obesity, overweight, underweight, and stunting in groups of native Tibetan children living at different residential altitudes (3700 vs 4300 m above sea level) and across ancestry (native Tibetan vs Han Chinese children living at the same altitude of 3700 m), as well as to examine the total effect of residential altitude and ancestry with stunting. Two cross-sectional studies of 1207 school children aged 9 to 10 years were conducted in Lhasa in 2005 and Tingri in 2007. Conventional …

*altitude *anthropometry article body height body mass chest circumference child controlled study cross- sectional study diet dietary intake disease association disease severity female Han Chinese human major clinical study male *obesity/ep [Epidemiology] *obesity/et [Etiology] prevalence priority journal school child sex ratio social status *stunting/ep [Epidemiology] *stunting/et [Etiology] Tibetan (people) *underweight/ep [Epidemiology] *underweight/et [Etiology] waist circumference
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The prevalence of malnutrition according to the new ESPEN definition in four diverse populations

2016

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.Background & aims: Consensus on the definition of malnutrition has not yet been reached. Recently, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) proposed a consensus definition of malnutrition. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of malnutrition according to the ESPEN definition in four diverse populations. Methods: In total, 349 acutely ill middle-aged patients, 135 geriatric outpatients, 306 healthy old individuals and 179 healthy young individuals were included in the study. Subjects were screened for risk of malnutrition using the SNAQ. The ESPEN definition of maln…

0301 basic medicineGerontologyMalePediatricsNutritional SciencesCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineThinness/etiologygeriatric patientBody Mass IndexNutritional Sciences/methods0302 clinical medicineunderweightWeight loss/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/zero_hungerPrevalenceMedicine030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultcomparative studypathophysiologyhealth care organizationNutrition and Dieteticsta3141Scientificta3142Middle AgedEuropenutritional assessmentElder Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaoutpatientAcute DiseasePractice Guidelines as TopicBody CompositionFemalemedicine.symptomRisk assessmentSocieties ScientificPredictive validityAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyConsensusgeriatric nutritionNutritional Statusmalnutritionadult; aged; Article; body mass; controlled study; disease predisposition; fat free mass; female; geriatric patient; human; major clinical study; male; malnutrition; middle aged; nutritional assessment; outpatient; population research; predictive validity; prevalence; risk assessment; short nutritional assessment questionnaire; weight reduction; acute disease; body composition; comparative study; consensus; Europe; geriatric assessment; geriatric nutrition; health care organization; malnutrition; nutritional assessment; nutritional science; nutritional status; pathophysiology; practice guideline; procedures; risk; risk assessment; underweight; young adult Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Consensus; Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Europe; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional Sciences; Nutritional Status; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Prevalence; Risk; Risk Assessment; Societies Scientific; Thinness; Young Adult; Body mass index; Definition; Fat free mass index; Malnutrition; PrevalenceRisk AssessmentArticleEurope/epidemiology03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultThinnessFat free mass indexHumanscontrolled studyhumanproceduresSDG 2 - Zero HungerGeriatric AssessmentAged030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industrypractice guidelinedisease predispositionDefinitionNUTRITION&DIETETICSmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studybody masspredictive validityMalnutritionNutrition Assessmentfat free massweight reductionshort nutritional assessment questionnairenutritional scienceNutritional sciencebusinessSocietiespopulation researchBody mass indexMalnutrition/diagnosisClinical Nutrition
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Is prolonged infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients associated with improved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic an…

2016

Objectives: We utilized the database of the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) study to statistically compare the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and clinical outcomes between prolonged- infusion and intermittent-bolus dosing of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients using inclusion criteria similar to those used in previous prospective studies. Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicentre pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study (DALI), which recruited a large cohort of critically ill patients from 68 ICUs across 10 countries. Results: Of the 211 patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in the DAL…

0301 basic medicineMalePenicillanic Acidintensive care unitlaw.inventionthienamycin derivative abdominal infection[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseaseslawcentral nervous system infectioncreatinine clearancePharmacology (medical)Infusions IntravenouProspective StudiesInfusions IntravenousProspective cohort studyTazobactam Drug CombinationAged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Infusions Intravenous; Intensive Care Units; Male; Meropenem; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Piperacillin Tazobactam Drug Combination; Prospective Studies; Thienamycins; Treatment Outcome; Pharmacology; Microbiology (medical); Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseasescritical illneMicrobial Sensitivity TestadultRespiratory infectionclinical trialMiddle Agedcontinuous infusionanalogs and derivativeIntensive care unit3. Good healthAnti-Bacterial Agentsantiinfective agentintravenous drug administrationIntensive Care Units[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesPiperacillin/tazobactammulticenter study (topic)SOFA scoreFemaletreatment outcome AgedIntravenousprospective studyHumanmedicine.drugsurvival rateMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyInfusionspost hoc analysirespiratory tract infectionCritical IllnessAged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Infusions Intravenous; Intensive Care Units; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Prospective Studies; Thienamycins; Treatment Outcome; Pharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseases030106 microbiologybloodstream infectionMicrobial Sensitivity Testsminimum inhibitory concentrationpiperacillin plus tazobactamMeropenemTazobactamArticle03 medical and health sciencescritically ill patientInternal medicineAnti-Bacterial AgentmedicineSequential Organ Failure Assessment ScoreHumansThienamycinsurvival timeblood analysiAgedPiperacillinPharmacologybusiness.industryBlood Chemical AnalysiMeropenemmajor clinical studySurgeryProspective Studiemulticenter studyPharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseases[SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/PharmacologyThienamycinspiperacillin tazobactam drug combinationurinary tract infectionbusinessBlood Chemical AnalysisPiperacillin
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International prevalence and risk factors evaluation for drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

2019

Objective: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent bacterial pathogen isolated in subjects with Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. Limited data are available regarding the current global burden and risk factors associated with drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) in CAP subjects. We assessed the multinational prevalence and risk factors for DRSP-CAP in a multinational point-prevalence study. Design: The prevalence of DRSP-CAP was assessed by identification of DRSP in blood or respiratory samples among adults hospitalized with CAP in 54 countries. Prevalence and risk factors were compared among subjects that had microbiological testing and antibiotic susceptibility…

0301 basic medicineMaleStreptococcus pneumoniaantibiotic resistanceInternationalitysputum examinationbronchiectasisvery elderlyAntibioticsPrevalenceDrug resistancemedicine.disease_causeLogistic regressionGlobal HealthCommunity-Acquired Infections/epidemiologylung lavage0302 clinical medicineCommunity-acquired pneumoniaCost of IllnessRisk FactorsPrevalencedrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia030212 general & internal medicineMicrobial drug resistantAged 80 and overadultinternational cooperationdrug effectMiddle Agedinfluenza vaccinationAnti-Bacterial Agentsantiinfective agentEuropeCommunity-Acquired InfectionsHospitalizationGlobal burden of diseaseStreptococcus pneumoniaeInfectious Diseasesrisk factorbacterium identificationFemalecommunity acquired infectioninfluenzaliver diseasepneumococcal vaccinationPneumococcal infectionhospitalizationmedicine.drugMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyAsiamedicine.drug_class030106 microbiologySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioArticleAnti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineStreptococcus pneumoniaeDrug Resistance BacterialPneumonia Pneumococcal/epidemiologymedicineHumanscontrolled studyhumantetracyclineHospitalization/statistics & numerical dataAgedlevofloxacinnonhumanbusiness.industrydisease associationmicrobiologycommunity acquired pneumoniamacrolidePneumoniaasthmaSouth AmericaPneumonia Pneumococcalvaccinationmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studyantibiotic sensitivitypenicillin derivativePenicillinStreptococcus pneumoniae/drug effectsPneumoniablood examinationAfricaNorth Americamicrobiological examinationbusinessGlobal burden of disease; Microbial drug resistant; Pneumococcal infection; Pneumonia
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Short telomere length is associated with impaired cognitive performance in European ancestry cohorts

2017

AbstractThe association between telomere length (TL) dynamics on cognitive performance over the life-course is not well understood. This study meta-analyses observational and causal associations between TL and six cognitive traits, with stratifications on APOE genotype, in a Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. Twelve European cohorts (N=17 052; mean age=59.2±8.8 years) provided results for associations between qPCR-measured TL (T/S-ratio scale) and general cognitive function, mini-mental state exam (MMSE), processing speed by digit symbol substitution test (DSST), visuospatial functioning, memory and executive functioning (STROOP). In addition, a genetic risk score (GRS) for TL includin…

0301 basic medicineOncologycognitionNetherlands Twin Register (NTR)Psychometricsgenetic associationgenotypepolymerase chain reactionStatistics as TopicNeuropsychological Testsgenetic riskDISEASE3124 Neurology and psychiatryCohort Studies0302 clinical medicinesingle nucleotide polymorphismcognitive defectYOUNG-ADULTSgenetic variabilitytelomere lengthMedicineGWAScognitive performanceta515depth perceptionNetherlandsRISKlearningmedicine.diagnostic_testdigit symbol substitution testquantitative analysisDEMENTIAGenetic Carrier ScreeningadultarticleMini Mental State ExaminationCognitionta3142episodic memoryznf208 geneMiddle AgedTelomereapolipoprotein E4cohort analysisrtel1 genePsychiatry and Mental healthPROCESSING SPEEDacyp2 genefemaleancestry groupMENDELIAN RANDOMIZATIONOriginal ArticleClinical psychologymedicine.medical_specialtytert genePsychometricsMendelian randomization analysisgenetic risk scoreWhite People03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeurosciencemaleInternal medicineMendelian randomizationpleiotropyJournal Article/dk/atira/pure/keywords/cohort_studies/netherlands_twin_register_ntr_HumansCognitive DysfunctionEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performancehumangeneBiological PsychiatryMETAANALYSISAgedterc geneStroop testMini–Mental State Examinationgenome-wide association studyIDENTIFICATIONPsykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi)business.industryMORTALITYobfc1 genemajor clinical studyConfidence intervalPsychology (excluding Applied Psychology)030104 developmental biologyexecutive functionDigit symbol substitution testnaf1 geneobservational studybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStroop effect
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Dysregulation of C-X-C motif ligand 10 during aging and association with cognitive performance

2017

International audience; Chronic low-grade inflammation during aging (inflammaging) is associated with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration; however, the mechanisms underlying inflammaging are unclear. We studied a population (n = 361) of healthy young and old adults from the MyoAge cohort. Peripheral levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) was found to be higher in older adults, compared with young, and negatively associated with working memory performance. This coincided with an age-related reduction in blood DNA methylation at specific CpGs within the CXCL10 gene promoter. In vitro analysis supported the role of DNA methylation in regulating CXCL10 transcription. A polymorph…

0301 basic medicinegamma interferon inducible protein 10genomic DNAAlzheimerin tautiEpigenesis GeneticCohort StudiesCXCL10 geneCognitionsingle nucleotide polymorphismcognitive defectCognitive declineAged 80 and overCerebral Cortexeducation.field_of_studyprefrontal cortexDNA methylationGeneral NeuroscienceadultNeurodegenerationneurodegenerationta3141U937 CellsMethylationta3142Alzheimer's diseasecohort analysisDNA-metylaatioagedfemalepriority journalepigenetiikkaDNA methylationAlzheimer's diseaseAlzheimer diseasetranscription regulationAlzheimer’s diseasekognitiiviset taidotmedicine.medical_specialty[SDV.MHEP.AHA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]in vitro studyAdolescentheredityPopulationBiologyArticleworking memoryYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesCognitive agingpromoter regionmaleMemoryInternal medicineJournal Articlemedicine[SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]HumansCXCL10controlled studyEpigeneticshumanbrain levelNeurodegenerationeducationepigeneticscognitive aginghuman cellagingdisease associationmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studyInflammagingChemokine CXCL10gamma interferon inducible protein 10; genomic DNA adult; age; aged; aging; Alzheimer disease; Article; brain level; cognitive defect; cohort analysis; controlled study; CpG island; CXCL10 gene; disease association; DNA methylation; epigenetics; female; heredity; human; human cell; in vitro study; inflammation; major clinical study; male; prefrontal cortex; priority journal; promoter region; single nucleotide polymorphism; transcription regulation; working memory; Alzheimer's disease; Cognitive aging; DNA methylation; Epigenetics; Inflammaging; Neurodegeneration030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyikääntyminenageinflammationNerve DegenerationCpG islandinflammagingNeurology (clinical)Geriatrics and GerontologyHeLa CellsDevelopmental BiologyNeurobiology of Aging
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Effect of implant macro-design on primary stability: A prospective clinical study

2016

Background Implant restorations have become a high predictable treatment option. Several caracteristics such as surgical technique and implant design can influence the treatment outcomes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of implant macro-design on primary stability measured with resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and insertion torque (IT). Material and Methods A total of 47 implants divided in two groups: Test group (TI): 22 Tapered MIS® Seven implants; Control group (CI): 25 cylindrical Astra® Osseospeed implants. All implants were inserted following the manufacturers’ standard protocols. Implant primary stability was measured at the moment of implant placement by…

AdultMaleInsertion torquemedicine.medical_specialtyTreatment outcomeDentistryOdontología02 engineering and technologyDental Prosthesis Retention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDental Prosthesis DesignmedicineHumansProspective StudiesGeneral DentistryDental Implantsbusiness.industryResearchImplant design030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDenture RetentionCiencias de la saludSurgeryResonance frequency analysisDental Prosthesis DesignOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASProspective clinical studyFemaleSurgeryImplantOral Surgery0210 nano-technologybusinessDental Prosthesis RetentionMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Immediate temporary restoration of single-tooth implants : prospective clinical study

2010

Purpose: The goal of this study is to assess the survival, marginal bone loss and complications around sing le-tooth implants on which immediate provisionalization was carried out. Patients and Methods: 78 implant were placed in 57 patients: 56 after extraction and 22 in healed sockets. Immediately after surgery provisional crowns were delivered without contacts in both centric and excursive jaw movements. The final crowns were inserted between 3 to 6 months later. During the study there were 3 x-rays taken per patient. The marginal bone loss was measured and complications were recorded. The statistical analys is of the data was carried out with the STATA 10® software. Results: The mean dur…

AdultMaleTime FactorsDentistryDental Implants Single-Toothstomatognathic systemMedicineHumansProspective StudiesGeneral DentistrySurvival rateAgedbusiness.industryTemporary restorationMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Immediate provisionalizationDental Restoration Temporarystomatognathic diseasesOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASProspective clinical studySurgeryFemaleImplantbusinessSingle tooth implant
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Side effects and complications of intraosseous anesthesia and conventional oral anesthesia

2011

Objective: To analyze the side effects and complications following intraosseous anesthesia (IA), comparing them with those of the conventional oral anesthesia techniques. Material and method: A simple-blind, prospective clinical study was carried out. Each patient underwent two anesthetic techniques: conventional (local infiltration and locoregional anesthetic block) and intraosseous, for respective dental operations. In order to allow comparison of IA versus conventional anesthesia, the two operations were similar and affected the same two teeth in opposite quadrants. Heart rate was recorded in all cases before injection of the anesthetic solution and again 30 seconds after injection. The …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentAnesthesia DentalIncreased heart rateInjectionsYoung AdultInjection siteHeart ratemedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodProspective StudiesAnesthetics LocalChildProspective cohort studyGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]SurgeryBitingJawOtorhinolaryngologyAnesthesiaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnestheticProspective clinical studyLocal infiltrationResearch-ArticleFemaleSurgeryOral SurgerybusinessAnesthesia Localmedicine.drug
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Comparative study between manual injection intraosseous anesthesia and conventional oral anesthesia.

2010

Objective: To compare intraosseous anesthesia (IA) with the conventional oral anesthesia techniques. Materials and methods: A simple-blind, prospective clinical study was carried out. Each patient underwent two anesthetic techniques: conventional (local infiltration and locoregional anesthetic block) and intraosseous, for res-pective dental operations. In order to allow comparison of IA versus conventional anesthesia, the two operations were similar and affected the same two teeth in opposite quadrants. Results: A total of 200 oral anesthetic procedures were carried out in 100 patients. The mean patient age was 28.6±9.92 years. Fifty-five vestibular infiltrations and 45 mandibular blocks we…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentAnesthesia DentalInferior alveolar nerveInjectionsYoung AdultPatient agemedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodProspective StudiesAnesthetics LocalProspective cohort studyChildGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryAnesthetic EffectMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Patient preferenceSurgeryOtorhinolaryngologyLatency stageAnesthesiaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnestheticProspective clinical studySurgeryFemaleResearch-ArticleOral Surgerybusinessmedicine.drugAnesthesia LocalMedicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
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